Synaptic lamellae of the photoreceptors of pearl and wild-type mice.

Ultrastructural Study of Cadmium Effects on Photoreceptors and Ganglionic Cells of Retinal Layer in Mice Embryo

Purpose: In this study, TEM was used to asses the ultra structural effects of Cd on Photoreceptor and Ganglionic cells of mouce retinal layer. Materials and Methods: 30 mice hi1Vebeen used in three groups (experimental I, II & control). On 9th day of gestation, experimental groups have received a single IP injection of Cadmium- chlorid (Cd C12) solution in saline, 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg respectiv...

Synaptic vesicle alterations in rod photoreceptors of synaptophysin-deficient mice.

The abundance of the integral membrane protein synaptophysin in synaptic vesicles and its multiple possible functional contributions to transmitter exocytosis and synaptic vesicle formation stand in sharp contrast to the observed lack of defects in synaptophysin knockout mice. Assuming that deficiencies are compensated by the often coexpressed synaptophysin isoform synaptoporin, we now show tha...

Effects of capsaicin in low doses and high doses on the small intestine motor response in wild-type and TRPV1 knockout mice

Vaccination with Live Attenuated L. Major and TLR4 Agonist Promotes a Th1 Immune Response and Induces Protection against L. Major Infection in BALB/c Mice

Background: Toll like receptors play a major role in immune responses against Leishmania parasites. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of vaccination with live attenuated L. major and TLR4 agonist in protection against L. major infection. Methods: Attenuated L. major was prepared by continuous sub-culturing of the parasite. A total of 90 mice were assigned to 9 groups including 6 groups of BAL...

Role of neurotrophin receptor TrkB in the maturation of rod photoreceptors and establishment of synaptic transmission to the inner retina.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) acts through TrkB, a receptor with kinase activity, and mitigates light-induced apoptosis in adult mouse rod photoreceptors. To determine whether TrkB signaling is necessary for rod development and function, we examined the retinas of mice lacking all isoforms of the TrkB receptor. Rod migration and differentiation occur in the mutant retina, but proceed...